- Explain in your own words, why editing is so important.
Editing or post production is crucial to smooth out all the elements of a good movie. A movie will, more than likely, not turn out well if all the filmed scenes are left un-tempered and just bare recordings.
2. Find definition, examples and include brief analysis of the following types of cuts:
Shot / Reverse shot
A cut-in shot is a close-up shot of something visible in the main scene. A cutaway shot is a shot away from the main scene.
Eyeline Match
An eyeline match is a film editing technique commonly associated with continuity editing. Eyeline refers to the path of the looking eye and is similar to the shot reverse shot. It is based on the audience wanting to view what the character on screen is viewing, the camera starts on the character looking at something the audience cannot see the camera then cuts to the object they are looking at.
Looking Out the (Rear) Window | Rear Window
An example of this is in Alfred Hitchcock’s Rear Window, the main character is confined to his apartment and often looks out of the rear window and so eyeline matches are frequently used to show the focus of his gaze’s outside.
An eyeline match is a film editing technique commonly associated with continuity editing. Eyeline refers to the path of the looking eye and is similar to the shot reverse shot. It is based on the audience wanting to view what the character on screen is viewing, the camera starts on the character looking at something the audience cannot see the camera then cuts to the object they are looking at.
Looking Out the (Rear) Window | Rear Window
An example of this is in Alfred Hitchcock’s Rear Window, the main character is confined to his apartment and often looks out of the rear window and so eyeline matches are frequently used to show the focus of his gaze’s outside.
Graphic Match
A match cut, also called a graphic match is a cut in film editing between either two different objects, two different spaces, or two different compositions in which objects in the two shots graphically match, often helping to establish a strong continuity of action and linking the two shots metaphorically
The Bone and The Space Station | 2001: A Space Odyssey
An example of a "match cut," in which two shots with similar compositional elements are joined (in this case, obviously, the bone and the space station). These types of cuts are often used for simply aesthetic reasons, or, as in this case, to suggest a metaphorical or thematic connection.
A match cut, also called a graphic match is a cut in film editing between either two different objects, two different spaces, or two different compositions in which objects in the two shots graphically match, often helping to establish a strong continuity of action and linking the two shots metaphorically
The Bone and The Space Station | 2001: A Space Odyssey
An example of a "match cut," in which two shots with similar compositional elements are joined (in this case, obviously, the bone and the space station). These types of cuts are often used for simply aesthetic reasons, or, as in this case, to suggest a metaphorical or thematic connection.
Action Match
Cutting on action or matching on action refers to film editing and video editing techniques where the editor cuts from one shot to another view that matches the first shot's action. A common example is a man walking up to a door and reaching for the knob. Just as his hand touches the knob the scene cuts to a shot of the door opening from the other side.
Any Fight Scene in This, Really | The Matrix
Fight sequences like this one rely on cutting on action to maintain spatial and temporal continuity
Jump Cut
An abrupt transition from one scene to another.
Opening / "Where is the Stone?" | Snatch
This scene quickly / abruptly changes from Frankie Four-Fingers and his robbers inside their heist, to him admiring the stone inside the getaway van. The movie's title sequence begins straight after this
An abrupt transition from one scene to another.
Opening / "Where is the Stone?" | Snatch
This scene quickly / abruptly changes from Frankie Four-Fingers and his robbers inside their heist, to him admiring the stone inside the getaway van. The movie's title sequence begins straight after this
Parallel Editing / Cross-cutting
Parallel Editing (Cross-cutting) is an editing technique most often used in films to establish action occurring at the same time in two different locations. Parallel editing (cross-cutting) is the technique of alternating two or more scenes that often happen simultaneously but in different locations. If the scenes are simultaneous, they occasionally culminate in a single place, where the relevant parties confront each other.
Crosscutting from 'Inception' | Inception
Parallel Editing (Cross-cutting) is an editing technique most often used in films to establish action occurring at the same time in two different locations. Parallel editing (cross-cutting) is the technique of alternating two or more scenes that often happen simultaneously but in different locations. If the scenes are simultaneous, they occasionally culminate in a single place, where the relevant parties confront each other.
Crosscutting from 'Inception' | Inception
Insert
In film, an insert is a shot of part of a scene as filmed from a different angle and/or focal length from the master shot. Inserts cover action already covered in the master shot, but emphasize a different aspect of that action due to the different framing. An insert differs from a cutaway as cutaways cover action not covered in the master shot.
Chris reads Tolstoy's "Family Happiness" | Into the Wild
Dissolve
In the post-production process of film editing and video editing, a dissolve is a gradual transition from one image to another.
(Pointlessly) Getting Out of the Car | Wolf of Wall Street
Honestly, I have no words. Why was this even necessary. Clearly, this is editing work involving the person getting out of the car. But why? I really don't know.
Fade-in, Fade-out
In editing, fade out is a term used to describe a transition effect where the image slowly disappears into a black. This usually indicated the end of a scene or the video. Fade out is a type of dissolve effect.
Fading In on the Opening | Boyz in da Hood
The opening to Boyz in da Hood begins with a few quotes in white on a black background, and then comes in from a black screen. The movie begins from here.
Wipe Shot
A wipe is a type of film transition where one shot replaces another by travelling from one side of the frame to another or with a special shape.
"Revenge of the Wipe" | Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith
Heavily used. Heavily criticized. I'm almost sure this movie was finalized on Windows Movie Maker. The wipe shot 'transition' was used 78 too many times in this movie.
Superimposition
In editing superimposition is the placement of an image or video on top of an already-existing image or video, usually to add to the overall image effect, but also sometimes to conceal something
Ending Scene Involving Young Anakin Skywalker | Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi
Many years before the Star Wars prequel trilogy was created, there came the original trilogy; which concluded with "Return of the Jedi", where (spoiler alert) Darth Vader is killed off. During this time when this was released, Anakin Skywalker (Vader under the mask), didn't have a face yet. At the end of the movie, when his full face was revealed - it was Sebastian Shaw that was shown, which didn't fit with the prequel stories later created, as by this age he (Anakin) was already a Sith (bad guy). So, in 2004, superimposition was used to place Christensen's face on to Shaw's body to fit with the prequels. That took some explaining but oh well.
Long take
In filmmaking, a long take is an uninterrupted shot in a film which lasts much longer than the conventional editing pace either of the film itself or of films in general, usually lasting several minutes.
The Copacabana Lounge Nightclub Long Take Shot | Goodfellas
One of Martin Scorsese's most famous scenes - this is all one shot. From the car to the kitchen, there is no editing in order to change shots. This is all filmed in one take
Slow Motion
This is, through editing, the showing film or playing back video more slowly than it was made or recorded, so that the action appears much slower than in real life.
Intro Scene / Slow Motion Walking | Reservoir Dogs
Ellipsis & Expansion of time
This ellipsis and/or expansion of time presents an 'action' in a way that it takes up less time on screen than it does in the story
Post Production
Post production is all work done on a film or recording after filming or recording has taken place.
Post Production from 2012 | The Hobbit
Visual Effects
In filmmaking, visual effects (abbreviated VFX) are the processes by which imagery is created and/or manipulated outside the context of a live action shot.
Anakin Skywalker vs. Obi-Wan Kenobi | Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith
VFX have been implemented and played a large part in the 'Star Wars' series - both in the prequel trilogy and the original trilogy. The scene chosen, features VFX being used for the two protagonists' powers, "lightsabers" and their crazy acrobatics. The scenes were filmed and then VFX added, such as the weapons - which were just hilts during filming, then edited to add the blades.
In film, an insert is a shot of part of a scene as filmed from a different angle and/or focal length from the master shot. Inserts cover action already covered in the master shot, but emphasize a different aspect of that action due to the different framing. An insert differs from a cutaway as cutaways cover action not covered in the master shot.
Chris reads Tolstoy's "Family Happiness" | Into the Wild
Dissolve
In the post-production process of film editing and video editing, a dissolve is a gradual transition from one image to another.
(Pointlessly) Getting Out of the Car | Wolf of Wall Street
Honestly, I have no words. Why was this even necessary. Clearly, this is editing work involving the person getting out of the car. But why? I really don't know.
Fade-in, Fade-out
In editing, fade out is a term used to describe a transition effect where the image slowly disappears into a black. This usually indicated the end of a scene or the video. Fade out is a type of dissolve effect.
Fading In on the Opening | Boyz in da Hood
The opening to Boyz in da Hood begins with a few quotes in white on a black background, and then comes in from a black screen. The movie begins from here.
Wipe Shot
A wipe is a type of film transition where one shot replaces another by travelling from one side of the frame to another or with a special shape.
"Revenge of the Wipe" | Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith
Heavily used. Heavily criticized. I'm almost sure this movie was finalized on Windows Movie Maker. The wipe shot 'transition' was used 78 too many times in this movie.
Superimposition
In editing superimposition is the placement of an image or video on top of an already-existing image or video, usually to add to the overall image effect, but also sometimes to conceal something
Ending Scene Involving Young Anakin Skywalker | Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi
Many years before the Star Wars prequel trilogy was created, there came the original trilogy; which concluded with "Return of the Jedi", where (spoiler alert) Darth Vader is killed off. During this time when this was released, Anakin Skywalker (Vader under the mask), didn't have a face yet. At the end of the movie, when his full face was revealed - it was Sebastian Shaw that was shown, which didn't fit with the prequel stories later created, as by this age he (Anakin) was already a Sith (bad guy). So, in 2004, superimposition was used to place Christensen's face on to Shaw's body to fit with the prequels. That took some explaining but oh well.
Long take
In filmmaking, a long take is an uninterrupted shot in a film which lasts much longer than the conventional editing pace either of the film itself or of films in general, usually lasting several minutes.
The Copacabana Lounge Nightclub Long Take Shot | Goodfellas
One of Martin Scorsese's most famous scenes - this is all one shot. From the car to the kitchen, there is no editing in order to change shots. This is all filmed in one take
Slow Motion
This is, through editing, the showing film or playing back video more slowly than it was made or recorded, so that the action appears much slower than in real life.
Intro Scene / Slow Motion Walking | Reservoir Dogs
Ellipsis & Expansion of time
This ellipsis and/or expansion of time presents an 'action' in a way that it takes up less time on screen than it does in the story
Post Production
Post production is all work done on a film or recording after filming or recording has taken place.
Post Production from 2012 | The Hobbit
Visual Effects
In filmmaking, visual effects (abbreviated VFX) are the processes by which imagery is created and/or manipulated outside the context of a live action shot.
Anakin Skywalker vs. Obi-Wan Kenobi | Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith
VFX have been implemented and played a large part in the 'Star Wars' series - both in the prequel trilogy and the original trilogy. The scene chosen, features VFX being used for the two protagonists' powers, "lightsabers" and their crazy acrobatics. The scenes were filmed and then VFX added, such as the weapons - which were just hilts during filming, then edited to add the blades.
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